NEB Class 12 Computer Science Questions with Solution
This is the continuation of the previous part 1 of NEB Class 12 Computer Science Questions with solution - System Development Concept - Important Short Answer Questions.
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| NEB Class 12 Computer Science Questions with Solution | System Development Concept | Part 2 |
Class 12 Computer Science Short Answer Questions
System Development Concept
Chapter - 1
1. List out different stages of the system development life cycle and explain any two stages of them.
The Stages of the System Development Life Cycle are:
The Steps of SDLC are:
- System Study or Preliminary Investigation or Problem Definition
- System Analysis or Determination of System Requirements
- System Design
- System Development
- System Testing and conversion
- System Implementation
- System Maintenance and Reviews
1. System study or preliminary investigation or problem definition: This is the first step of SDLC. This phase is focused on determining whether or not a new system should be developed and the development team focuses on, surveying the system study by collecting inputs from different sources. Analyzing issues with the current system (manual) in depth and developing possible alternative solutions to the issue. Selecting the best solution, and defining its function with a feasibility study, and or alternative system is identified.
2. System analysis or determination of system requirements: System analysis is the process of analyzing a system and creating a new system to meet the user's requirements. During system analysis, data are collected from the various available sources by using tools such as interviews, on-site observation, sampling, research, and documentation.
During this stage, all procedures and requirements must be analyzed and documented. Finally, system analysis determines what system is going to be developed.
2. List the steps of SDLC. Explain System Analysis Phase.
The Steps of SDLC are:
- System Study or Preliminary Investigation or Problem Definition
- System Analysis or Determination of System Requirements
- System Design
- System Development
- System Testing and conversion
- System Implementation
- System Maintenance and Reviews
System analysis is the process of analyzing the system. It is used to analyze the existing system and to create a new system that meets the client's requirements. During system analysis, data are collected from the various available sources by using tools such as interviews, on-site observation, sampling, research, and documentation.
During this stage, all procedures and requirements must be analyzed and documented. Finally, system analysis determines what system is going to be developed.
The major objectives of system analysis are:
- To determine the need for a system.
- To find the strengths and weaknesses of the previous system.
- To find risk, technical, economic, social, or legal issues while developing a system.
- To determine what system is going to be developed.
- To determine whether the proposed system meets the user's requirements or not.
- To determine the requirements of the new system.
3. Describe the waterfall model to explain the SDLC.
The waterfall model is one of the popular versions of the system development life cycle model. It is the classic approach to the system development life cycle. The waterfall model development method is linear and sequential. The waterfall model is considered the "parent" of the whole SDLC model.
Major activities in SDLC based on the waterfall model are initial investigation, requirement analysis, design, development, test and deployment, and post-deployment review.
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| Describe the waterfall model to explain the SDLC |
Initial Investigation
This phase is focused on determining whether or not a new system should be developed and the development team focuses on, surveying the system study by collecting inputs from different sources. Analyzing problems with the current system and determining solutions for solving the problem.
Requirement Analysis
It is the process of analyzing a system and creating a new system to meet the user's requirements. During this phase, data are collected from the various available sources by using tools such as interviews, on-site observation, sampling, research, and documentation.
The requirements must be analyzed and documented. Finally, system analysis determines what system is going to be developed.
Design
This phase is concerned with the design of the final system. The design of an information system produces the details that clearly describe how a system will be developed. During this phase, the designer must design all the aspects of the system from the input and output screen report, database,, and process of computing.
Development
In this phase, developers develop the system according to the design developed in an earlier stage. It is the process of transforming the design into a physical system.
Test and Deploy
Testing is an essential part of the System Development and System implementation. After developing the whole components of the system, it should be tested to determine, whether it contains errors or not, whether it meets the user's requirements or not.
The newly developed system is installed and becomes part of day-to-day activities. Users start using the system. It involves loading or distributing developed software to user sites and training users.
Post Deployment Review
After the system is tested and deployed, it is reviewed to make it even better. The correcting and upgrading process of the system is called system maintenance. Maintenance is necessary to eliminate errors as well as modify the system to meet the changing needs of the user. System maintenance involves support after selling.
4. Explain the system development phase.
The system development life cycle (SDLC) is a set of activities that the system analysts, designers, and users carry out to develop and implement of an information system.
It consists of the following seven chrons theological order of SDLC:
- System Study or Preliminary Investigation or Problem Definition
- System Analysis or Determination of System Requirements
- System Design
- System Development or Development of Software
- System Testing and conversion
- System Implementation
- System Maintenance and Reviews
1. System study or preliminary investigation or problem definition: This is the first step of SDLC. This phase is focused on determining whether or not a new system should be developed and the development team focuses on, surveying the system study by collecting inputs from different sources. Selecting the best solution, and defining its function with a feasibility study, and or alternative system is identified.
2. System analysis or determination of system requirements: System analysis is the process of analyzing a system and creating a new system to meet the user's requirements. During system analysis, data are collected from the various available sources by using tools such as interviews, on-site observation, sampling, research, and documentation.
During this stage, all procedures and requirements must be analyzed and documented. Finally, system analysis determines what system is going to be developed.
3. System design: This phase is concerned with the design of the final system. The design of an information system produces the details that clearly describe how a system will be developed. During this phase, the designer must design all the aspects of the system from the input and output screen report, database, and process of computing. Designers are responsible for providing programmers with complete software specifications.
4. System development: In this phase, developers develop the system according to the design developed in an earlier stage. It is the process of transforming the design into a physical system. In this phase, programmers write codes in programming language and also develop the technical documentation for the system. At the end of this phase, the system is ready for testing and implementation.
5. System testing: Testing is an essential part of the System Development and System implementation. After developing the whole components of the system, it should be tested to determine, whether it contains errors or not, whether it meets the user's requirements or not.
During system testing, the system is used experimentally to ensure that the software runs according to its specifications and in the way users expect.
6. System implementation: In this stage, the newly developed system is installed and becomes part of day-to-day activities. Users start using the system. It involves loading or distributing developed software to user sites and training users.
The process of moving from the old system to the new system is called System Conversion. System developers must handle this process carefully to avoid losing or corrupting data while the system is in operation.
7. System maintenance and reviews: The correcting and upgrading process of the system is called system maintenance. Maintenance is necessary to eliminate errors as well as modify the system to meet the changing needs of the user. System maintenance involves support after selling.